Biography of Jesse Owens

Biography of Jesse Owens Free Online Research Papers Born in rural Oakville, Alabama, a track star that changed the way people in this world think was born. In this quote, Jesse Owens stated: â€Å"To me, we must learn to spell the word RESPECT. We must respect the rights and properties of our fellowman. And then learn to play the game of life, as well as the game of athletics, according to the rules of society. If you can take that and put it into practice in the community in which you live, then, to me you have won the greatest championship.† In that quote, Owens meant that if you can respect others, learn to be fair, accept the challenges in life as well as athletics, and put it in your life somehow, you can achieve your dream. Jesse Owens achieved the impossible. From the struggle of Segregation, with the lack of money, and the brutality of others, Owens accomplished something that even the luckiest can not do. He went to the Nazi Germany Olympics in front of thousands of racist people, including Adolph Hitler, and took home four gold medals. Jesse Owens proved to the world not only that blacks are equal to any race, or that blacks can be world-class athletes, but also anyone can achieve their dreams. Jesse Owens had a life no one could imagine, yet he still had a way of stopping to tread water and swam to shore. He had to have hope, determination, pride, and right judgments, to make it through. Jesse Owens’s life was hard to picture. From the brutality to blacks in the south, his family had escaped from. Jesse Owens was a descendent of slaves in the south. His parents were very poor sharecroppers in Alabama. They lived in a very tiny unheated house. Owens was the youngest of his six brothers and sisters. When Jesse was very young, his family decided to move to the north, to find a better job to feed the family and stay strong. After his school days, he even had to work to help his family stay afloat with money. In other words, he had to work so that his family can be stable financially. Jesse Owens married his high school sweetheart Ruth. Together they made three daughters, Gloria, Beverly, and Marlene. She has helped him in many ways, and his daughters gave him true insp iration. Through all the hard times he had, he still manage to tie world records when he was in high school. In college, at the Big Ten Championships, Owens was not suppose to compete due to a back injury. Undergoing some therapy, Owens pleaded the coach to let him compete, stating that he feel fine. Under the span of forty five minutes, Jesse Owens broke four world records. The 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin, Germany, was a very controversial event to the world. Especially, for Jesse Owens. In the Olympics at Nazi Germany, Adolf Hitler decided that all his Aryan people were higher ranked than others. Hitler felt that will promote his racial supremacy. The United States was thinking to boycott the Olympic games but other athletes think that the even should not be a political reflection. (Official Olympic Committee) Hitler kept on promoting that his Aryan track stars will defeat the United States. Jesse Owens proved him wrong. Owens won four gold medals, four record in the one-hundred and two-hundred meter dashes, long jump, and the four-hundred meter relay. (â€Å"American Decades†) Surprisingly the medals did not give him money, but gave his attention. German crowds were cheering for Owens instead of their own athletes. They were cheering for Jesse, because of the fact that he is a minority, who has been put down so many times, but won all his events and still be humble about it. He defeated German athlete Lutz Long, Lutz Long was the favored of Hitler. Hitler assumed that Long would be the star athlete. Remarkably, Lutz became very good friends with Owens. Hitler had snubbed Owens at the award ceremony. Owens did not say a single world, but smiled and shrugged. On the very top of the podium, he gave an American salute, as other Germans gave the Nazi salute. â€Å"Although I was not invited to shake hands with Hitler, I was not invited to the White House to shake hands with the President either.†( â€Å"think exist†) That quote from Jesse Owens proved that even though he defeated his country’s rival and that he was an Olympic champ, he was not appreciated in his own country. Owens was looked as a role model because of his desire to help the community. Jesse Owens worked with children all around the globe. He treats kids as if they were his own. From helping them with education, athletics, with social and emotional problems, he was there for them. From the south side of Chicago to the streets of Berlin, Owens was glad and honored to help the children. He believes that kids are the future, and each one has the ability to change the world. (Schaap 62) Jesse Owens did not help children because of media or money but from the purity of his heart. Jesse Owens was the member of the Southside Boys Club in Chicago, Illinois. Owens who was the member of board directors, helped kids in poor areas to stay out of trouble. He made them focus on education and athletics. Jesse Owens was remember by his motivational speeches. He talked them about having hope in times where you might not have any. He made most of them on Goodwill tours. By his own words he made sparkles in people’s eyes and the desire to strive for their dreams. Owens designed the Junior Olympic Games for youngsters in Chicago between the ages of twelve and seventeen. (Bourgoin) It included sports from swimming to track and field. He knew that by creating this organization, it would make it even more possible for children to realize they can do anything they want. He also knew that this would make a goal for kids to pursue into their achievements. When Owens turned professional in some ways he still helped his community in various ways. In Europe he was asked to race professionally. He went all around the European countries, thinking he would get paid.(Jesse Owens Foundation) Until he had realized this was all a scam. Jesse Owens ran a couple of races against cars, horses and motorcycles. He even ran with baseball players but giving them a head start before beating them. From his expedition of professional racing he could afford to pay his tuition at Ohio State University. After his college graduation, he became a partner in a dry cleaning business but the business became bankrupted later on. In the 1940s, Owens was in huge debt and had three daughters to care for, so he became the director of Physical Education for Negroes, which brought him back to his feet. Later on, he became a personnel director for minority employment. A public relations firm was created by Jesse Owens. He was becoming a legendary speaker at business and professional conventions. Owens inspired the hopeless to have hope, gave them the chance to see what is really inside of people. He became in hot water when he was opposing a black American boycott for the Olympics. People has nicked his name as â€Å"Uncle Tom† and a kiss up to white people. Angered by the reaction of people, he made a book called Blackthink, he later became more of an activist and published, I Have Changed. Owens has not been recognized and appreciated until his late years of his life. Owens was shocked to realize that no one really appreciated what he had done for his country till many years later. Until forty years after he won medals, Owens was invited to the white house to accept a Presidential medal of Freedom from Gerald Ford. The award is given to people who made a change and promotes world peace. That is exactly what Jesse Owens did. Jimmy Carter honored Owens two years later with the Living Legend Award. The Living Legend award is given to artists, entertainers, writers, as well as athletes that promote diversity and contribute to the United States. The most significant honor that Jesse could ever get was ten years after his death, with the Congressional Gold medal. The Congressional award is given to an to an individual who performs an outstanding deed or act of service to the security, prosperity, and national interest of the United States.(â€Å"Congressional Gold Medalâ₠¬ ) After many years of Jesse Owens’ hard work has paid off, even until after his death. Jesse Owens health worsens when he just started to get respect and appreciation. As a long time smoker, Jesse Owens had developed lung cancer. (McConnell) He went to all hospitals that will get him the best treatment. He later got out of the Phoenix hospital and moved to Chicago. After his death, he was buried in Chicago at March 31st, 1980. Jesse Owens had many significant memories but most of his life their was unfairness. He was born into a poor family, he also helped children., and competed in the Olympics. Also, he was never honored until later on in his life. The Modern world can benefit from Jesse Owens by not talking how good you are but showing how good you are. People today are very self centered and cocky, and one thing leads to another. Owens’ examples can change that. Jesse Owens inspired many people’s life back then, and inspired many today. Owens, Jesse (1913-1980). Encyclopedia of World Biography. Suzanne M. Bourgoin. 2nd ed. Detroit: Gale Research, 1998. Student Resource Center Gold. Gale. PLAINFIELD NORTH HIGH SCHOOL. 6 Feb. 2008 . Owens, Jesse (1913-1980). American Decades. McConnell, Tandy. Online ed. Detroit: Gale, 2003. Student Resource Center Gold. Gale. PLAINFIELD NORTH HIGH SCHOOL. 6 Feb. 2008 . Owens, Jesse (1913-1980). Discovering Multicultural America. Online ed. Detroit: Gale, 2003. Student Resource Center Gold. Gale. PLAINFIELD NORTH HIGH SCHOOL. 6 Feb. 2008 . Schaap, Jeremy. â€Å"Triumph: The Untold Story of Jesse Owens and Hitler’s Olympics.† Forward Association. New York. January 19, 2007 The Jesse Owens Foundation. Who is Jesse Owens. 1999-2000. Official Olympic Committee. â€Å"Berlin 1936†. 2008 Research Papers on Biography of Jesse OwensAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Hip-Hop is Art19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoThe Hockey GamePersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyStandardized TestingCapital PunishmentWhere Wild and West MeetAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 Europe

Gibraltar Territory History and Facts

Gibraltar Territory History and Facts Geography of Gibraltar Gibraltar is a British overseas territory that is located to the south of Spain on the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula. Gibraltar is a peninsula in the Mediterranean Sea with an area of just 2.6 square miles (6.8 sq km) and throughout its history, the Strait of Gibraltar (the narrow strip of water between it and Morocco) has been an important chokepoint. This is because the narrow channel is easy to cut off from other areas thereby having the ability to choke off transit in times of conflict. Because of this, there have often been disagreements about who controls Gibraltar. The United Kingdom has controlled the area since 1713 but Spain also claims sovereignty over the area. 10 Geographic Facts You Should Know About Gibraltar Archaeological evidence shows that Neanderthal humans may have inhabited Gibraltar as early as 128,000 and 24,000 B.C.E. In terms of its modern recorded history, Gibraltar was first inhabited by the Phoenicians around 950 B.C.E. The Carthaginians and Romans also established settlements in the area and after the fall of the Roman Empire it was controlled by the Vandals. In 711 C.E. the Islamic conquest of the Iberian Peninsula began and Gibraltar became controlled by the Moors.Gibraltar was controlled by the Moors until 1462 when the Duke of Medina Sidonia took over the region during the Spanish Reconquista. Shortly after this time, King Henry IV became King of Gibraltar and made it a city within the Campo Llano de Gibraltar. In 1474 it was sold to a Jewish group that built a fort in the town and stayed until 1476. At that time they were forced out of the region during the Spanish Inquisition and in 1501 it fell under Spains control.In 1704, Gibraltar was taken over by a British-Dutch force during the War of Spanish Succession and in 1713 it was ceded to Great Britain with the Treaty of Utrecht. From 1779 to 1783 attempted to take Gibraltar back during the Great Siege of Gibraltar. It failed and Gibraltar eventually became an important base for the British Royal Navy in conflicts like the Battle of Trafalgar, the Crimean War and World War II. In the 1950s Spain again began trying to claim Gibraltar and movement between that region and Spain was restricted. In 1967 the citizens of Gibraltar passed a referendum to remain a part of the United Kingdom and as a result, Spain closed off its border with the region and ended all foreign relationships with Gibraltar. In 1985, however, Spain reopened its borders to Gibraltar. In 2002 a referendum was held to establish shared control of Gibraltar between Spain and the UK but Gibraltars citizens rejected it and the area remains a British overseas territory to this day.Today Gibraltar is a self-governing territory of the United Kingdom and as such its citizens are considered British citizens. Gibraltars government, however, is democratic and separate from that of the UK. Queen Elizabeth II is the chief of state of Gibraltar, but it has its own chief minister as head of government, as well as its own unicameral Parliament and Supreme Court and Court of Appeal.Gibraltar has a total popu lation of 28,750 people and with an area of 2.25 square miles (5.8 sq km) it is one of the most densely populated territories in the world. The population density of Gibraltar is 12,777 people per square mile or 4,957 people per square kilometer. Despite its small size, Gibraltar has a strong, independent economy that is based mainly on finance, shipping and trading, offshore banking and tourism. Ship repair and tobacco are also major industries in Gibraltar but there is no agriculture.Gibraltar is located in southwestern Europe along the Strait of Gibraltar (a narrow strip of water connecting the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea), the Bay of Gibraltar and the Alboran Sea. It is made up of a limestone outcropping on the southern part of the Iberian Peninsula. The Rock of Gibraltar takes up the majority of the areas land and Gibraltars settlements are built along the narrow coastal lowland bordering it.Gibraltars main settlements are on either the east or west side of the Rock of Gibraltar. The East Side is home to Sandy Bay and Catalan Bay, while the western area is home to Westside, where most of the population lives. In addition, Gibraltar has many military areas and tunnelled roads to make getting around the Rock o f Gibraltar easier. Gibraltar has very few natural resources and little freshwater. As such, seawater desalination is one way its citizens get their water. Gibraltar has a Mediterranean  climate with mild winters and warm summers. The average July high temperature for the area is 81ËšF (27ËšC) and the average January low temperature is 50ËšF (10ËšC). Most of Gibraltars precipitation falls during its winter months and the average yearly precipitation is 30.2 inches (767 mm). To learn more about Gibraltar, visit the official website of the Government of Gibraltar.ReferencesBritish Broadcasting Company. (17 June 2011). BBC News - Gibraltar Profile. Retrieved from: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/country_profiles/3851047.stmCentral Intelligence Agency. (25 May 2011). CIA - The World Factbook - Gibraltar. Retrieved from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gi.htmlWikipedia.org. (21 June 2011). Gibraltar - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibraltar

Personality & Perceptions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Personality & Perceptions - Assignment Example I think that there approach to the consumer is effective because of the extra services they offer. It is among the oldest companies, established in USA and situated worldwide. Proctor and Gamble offers packaged products to consumers, such as Pampers, Crest, and Tide that are exceptionally popular (Gilbertson & Lehman & Passalacqua, 2008). The company offers a service encounter to prospective procurers through the internet to publicize their products and widen their marketability. The company also guarantees that her workers are well edified, and have the indispensable skills that are required to serve the customers well. I think that their approach to the consumer is effective, since they consider the welfare of the customer. It is a company situated in America dealing with electronic devices such as computer hardware. The goods it offers to consumer include PCs, TV, and radio systems. The other services they offer to consumers are the hardware warranty support, and customer care services. Dell offers a service encounter to a consumer through engaging with consumers even after the warranty period is over, and offering financial assistance. It has established devoted customer communication ability; hence, they can know their views. I think that their approach to the consumer is effectual owing to their personal approach to the

Addictions and interventions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Addictions and interventions - Essay Example The following treatment plan and recommendations will be instituted to help make this possible.The type of therapy that will be best suited in aiding Linda to recovery is Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy. The reason this is the best option for Linda is that it will not only help her to recover the quickest, since this type of therapy is the most rapid in producing results, it is the best use of time and resources, as this sort of therapy is a very direct approach, and it is not open ended in the way that other therapies are, such as psycho-analysis (National Association of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapists, 2009). Another reason that Linda will benefit from Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy is that it will enable her to think differently about her circumstances, even if they cannot be changed (National Association of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapists, 2009). For instance, she lives in a poor part of town. While she may not be able to change that immediately or even at all, Cognitive-Behavior Ther apy will assist her in learning to view her circumstances differently. The results of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy are long term. This is due to the fact that the client will understand how and what to do in order to make things better, and then they will be able to apply it, even after therapy has ended. (National Association of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapists, 2009). Linda and I can work together, and she will feel involved in her treatment, which will give her the incentive to want to do better. As far as having others involved in working on the case, I would prefer to work with Linda alone, since it is vital that she and I establish a relationship where she is comfortable opening up to me and expressing her feelings. If too many other professionals are involved in her case, it would be to her detriment because she would not have the chance to form a bond with me that would allow her to feel comfortable enough to work with me in improving her life and setting goals. Cognitive-Behavior therapy is most effective when sessions involve only the client and the therapist, not multiple professionals (National Association of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapists, 2009). There will be a number of things that I will need to know about Linda in order for the use of Cognitive-behavior therapy to be best effective in helping her to recover. One thing that I will like to know about Linda is what she'd like to get out of life. Knowing this bit of information will enable me to help her set goals and come up with different strategies that will help her to achieve those goals. Secondly, I will like her to tell me a little about herself and what makes her feel the need to engage in using drugs. Knowing her reasons for why she feels the need to engage in this behavior will enable me to better know and understand her, so I will be able to tailor the therapy sessions to best suit her needs. Finally, I will ask her how she feels about herself and her current circumstances. Knowing about these things will enable me to help her to set goals o either change her attitude or change her world. Though I'd love to focus on every aspect of Linda, this would be impossible due to time constraints and limited resources. So in order to make the best use of the time and resources that are available to me in dealing with this case, it will be advantageous for me to focus on aspects of her life and character that are of vital importance. Two major areas that deserve the utmost attention are helping her to establish goals on fighting her addiction and helping her to think of herself and her circumstances in a different light. When it comes

Wgu Human Resources Essay Example for Free

Wgu Human Resources Essay Upon investigation in to the claim of constructive discharge under the Title VII Civil Rights Act of 1964 my research found this claim to be irrelevant and unjustified. A constructive discharge happens when an employee is legally justified in claiming that he/she was forced to resign because the employer has made working conditions intolerable. In our situation a complaint was never filed with the company letting us know the employee was unhappy or giving us the opportunity to respond to the situation. Therefore the company was unaware of creating an intolerable working condition for that employee and we did not intentionally do it. The company experienced growth so the production schedule changed for all employees. The new schedule required employees to work 12-hour shifts with four days at work and then four days off. But the four work days can occur any day off the week, Monday through Sunday. So it is possible that the employee would still have had some holy days off. To justify their legal claim of constructive discharge the employee is going to have to prove in court that their working conditions were in fact intolerable and show that our company deliberately created intolerable working conditions with the intent of forcing the resignation. I feel that this will be very difficult if not impossible to prove. I recommend that we mediate the charge. I do not think we are guilty of constructive discharge. However, I think a compromise can be reached with the employee and we can accommodate their religious needs. Constructive discharge falls under the Title VII Civil Rights Act of 1964 which is a federal law that prohibits discrimination in employment on the basis of sex, race, color, national origin and religion. The religion portion is what pertains to our current situation. Title VII requires an employer to reasonably accommodate the religious practices of an employee or prospective employee, unless doing so would create an undue hardship for the employer. So the employee needs to notify the employer of a conflict between their religious beliefs or practices and a work rule. Congress enacted Section 5550a of Title V of the United States Code to ensure employees are given time off for religious observances. The law requires employees to be given the opportunity to work overtime in exchange for time that they have to miss for religious observances. The compensatory overtime can be worked either before or after the religious observance, but is paid at the employee’s straight-time rate. If the employee who filed the claim against us had come and notified us that there was a conflict between their religious beliefs or practices and a work rule, we then could have discussed the other schedule options that the employee has available to them. My first recommendation for the company on how to respond to the employee’s charge of constructive discharge is to go through the employee’s personal file. It is important to find out if there were ever any complaints filed from the employee to support their claim of â€Å"constructive discharge.† Also, we need to make sure the religious discrimination claims do not over shadow the employee’s duty to meet their legitimate job responsibilities. In the Patterson v. Indiana Newspaper, Inc., (2009) a woman sent an email on her last day at the job claiming she had enjoyed her time there. These statements lead to the dismissal of her claim of â€Å"constructive discharge† because she had expressed no complaint or concerns about her working environment. This case supports our situation because we have no record of the employee ever expressing concerns or complaining about the work schedule. My second recommendation would be to review the company’s internal reporting procedures. We would need to review and make sure that all the appropriate measures are being taken in a timely manner if someone complains about their working environment. Specific steps and procedures need to be followed to protect our company and our employees. In Pennsylvania State Police v. Suders (2004) the Supreme Court found that in order to establish constructive discharge a plaintiff must show that the environment was so intolerable that resigning was the only option. But the court also found that the plaintiff failed to avail herself of the internal reporting procedures as she resigned two days after mentioning harassment to an official. The case supports our position of not guilty because the employee who is filing charges against us did not follow the company’s internal reporting procedures. This would have allowed us to meet with the employee to see if we could come to an agreeable solution. Internal reporting procedures are there to protect everyone involved. My final recommendation would be to make a statement to the employee filing charges against us to inform them know that we are aware of the Code of Federal Regulations (Guidelines on discrimination because of religion, 2009) and that we are willing to work with the individual to find a solution. If the employee dropped the charges and came back to work for us then there are a number of accommodations we would suggest such as flexible scheduling, voluntary shift substitutions or a modification to our workplace policy. We would make ourselves very clear that we are willing to work with them in an effort to resolve the situation. In conclusion, for future reference a few recommendations I would make to avoid legal issues around Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 would be: to offer seminars once a year reminding the employees of their rights and responsibilities including all forms of harassment or discrimination, managers would be required to receive twice a year training sessions on internal reporting procedures, and the company could setup an â€Å"Ethics† hotline that gives people the opportunity to report anonymously if they feel something or someone is not being treated fairly. Thank you for your time and please contact me with any questions.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder Essay -- Narcissism Essays

Narcissism is the inordinate fascination with oneself; excessive self-love; vanity. The term, "narcissism" comes, of course, from the Greek myth of Narcissus. Narcissus shunned all the other nymphs until one of them prayers to the goddess of love and made a request that someday narcissus would feel the joy and pain of love. The goddess granted the wish to the nymph and narcissus soon would understand the joy and pain of love. Narcissus went to get a drink of water and saw the most the most beautiful face that he had ever seen; he plunged in to kiss the face but could because it was his own reflection. Narcissus had fallen in love with his self. He lost all importance of food, movement or anything. Narcissus was cursed with the love of his own image and he died because the thought of not being able to kiss his self killed him; thus the term narcissism was born. Often people who have narcissistic behavior are described as attention seekers, people who need the praise of others, people who have an attitude excessive cockiness and over all lack of self esteem. Often this self centeredness leads to a very selfish mindset. A person with a narcissistic disorder praises themselves to blind themselves to their own insecurities. Any praise of other people is viewed by the perverted mind of a narcissist as a â€Å"threat† to him or her. What makes this disorder much more intense that any ordinary personality disorder is that narcissistic people feed off the praise of others as well as themselves just as narcissus did. The narcissist denies the existence of his/her inner self. Narcissists are terrified of moments of self-awareness. They have a tendency to focus on the flaws of others so that confessing they have a problem won’t be possible since ... ...nd characteristics like these really can’t go away but what the medicine, family counseling, psychotherapy and the treatment given is suppose to do is minimize these outburst and help the patient and the people around them cope with their disorder. Works Cited http://my.clevelandclinic.org/disorders/personality_disorders/hic_narcissistic_personality_disorder.aspx EBSCOhost: Hypomanic symptoms predict an increase in narcissistic and histrionic personality; Source: Depression & Anxiety (1091-4269); 2008 Vol.25 Issue 10. Page 892-898 Document Type: Article: Narcissistic Personality Disorder, Hypomania Personality Affective Disorders J.Psychiatry 1994 – Rick Factors for Suicidal behavior in Borderline Personality Disorder Authors: of the book Soloff PH, Book Am J. Psychiatry, 1994 – Page 151, 1316-23 Authors: LisJa, Kelly, T. Cornelius J, Ulrich R.

Concept Comparison and Analysis across Theories Essay

The nursing profession has made some remarkable accomplishment during the 20th and 21st centuries, which has led to the recognition of nursing as an academic discipline. The move toward a theory- based practice has shifted the focus from the vocational view of nursing to a more meaningful and organized profession. As such, the knowledge and practice of nursing is embedded and guided by the theoretical framework of the profession. Theories also give direction and purpose to the nursing profession, and they are developed to improve nursing care and education, and to provide a basis for practice. A theory is an idea recommended to explain a phenomenon, interprets observation, defines relationships, and project outcome (Parker & Smith, 2010). The theories of nursing can be categorize in three areas: (a) grand nursing theories, which gives abroad perspective to the goals and structure of nursing not meant to be easily grasp or tested, (b) middle range theories, contains fewer concept, and relationships are more applicable to nursing practice (c) practice level theories, which has more direct impact on nursing practice than more abstract theories. Mid-range theories are both easily understood and applicable to the daily practice of nursing. For the purposes of this assignment, the core concepts of two middle range contemporary nursing theories will be highlighted and the concept definitions analyzed. One theory will be discussed along with its application to nursing practice, the theory’s concept statement, metaparadigms, philosophies, and conceptual model. Finally, nursing resources, and nursing knowledge from theorists are included in this paper to show the contributions to nursing science. Core Concept A concept is a word or ideas that provide a mental image to promote communication about a phenomenon and can be either empirical or abstract experience (Walker & Avant 2011). Core concepts are the fundamental building blocks in the development of theories, as such; theorists employ core concepts in the process of theory advancement (George, 2011). The metaparadigm of nursing is composed of four main concepts they are; person, health, environment, and nursing (George, 2011). The core concepts of the two contemporary nursing theories selected are Leininger’s culture care theory, and Kolcaba’s comfort theory. These theories are considered middle range theories because they are more understandable and easier to apply to day-to-day nursing practice and may be used to suggest an intervention. Conversely, the grand theory is more extensive and provides a framework for organizing ideas (Smith & Liehr, 2008). Although health care has experienced numerous changes over the past decades, the basic principle of nursing, caring for the sick, has not changed. With the addition of evidence-based care as a result of nursing research and extensive research by nursing theorists there are additional components to nursing that nurses have to know and understand to provide excellent care. Unfamiliarity with someone else’s culture can lead to feelings of fear and insecurity due to differences in belief, values and practices (Leininger (1991). These theorists view the patient as a whole and believe care should be administered from a holistic approach. Concept Analysis Leininger is the innovator of the transcultural nursing movement in research, education, and practice. The overarching concept of this theory (culture) – based discipline is intended to serve individuals, communities, establishments, and societies. In the 1950s, while working in a child guidance home with troubled children and their parents, she observed repeated patterns of behavior in children that seemed to have a cultural basis. She identified these repeated patterns as the missing link in nursing understands of knowledge and culture care that is required to support compliance, wellness, and healing. As a result of this experience, she pursued further education in human behaviors that led to the development of her transcultural nursing theory (George, 2011). Leininger (1991) defines Transcultural nursing as â€Å"the comparative study of cultures to understand  similarities (culture universal) and difference (culture-specific) across human groups† With this defini tion as the foundation for her work, Leininger focused her practice on cultural care values, practices, and beliefs of individuals or groups of different cultures. The goal of her theory is to provide nursing care that promotes health or well-being to help people faced with illness or death, in a culturally meaningful way (Leininger, 1995). Transcultural nursing is established on the basis that people of different cultures not only define ways in which they perceive and experience care, but how they relate these perceptions, and experiences to their general health (George, 2011 ). Kolcaba worked as the head nurse on an Alzheimer patient care unit; she observed that patients were nonparticipants in some of their daily living activities. This observation led to her development of the Comfort Care Therapy. Kolcaba’s comfort theory gives nurses the tools required to identify the comfort needs of patients and families and ways to meet those needs. Comfort, she opined, is the purposeful action taken to address ones physiological, cultural, social, financial, spiritual, environmental and physical needs. Accordingly, if the patient needs time to voice concerns and questions, it is imperative that the nurse listens attentively and offers culturally appropriate encouragement and reassurance (Kolcaba, 2003). The ideas of other nursing theorists (Orlando, Henderson, Patterson, and Zderdad) were employed to explain the three different types of comfort needs: (1)ease-the state of calm and contentment, (2) relief-the state of having specific comfort need met and transcendence, and (3) transcendence- that state in which one can rise above problems and pain( Parker & Smith, 2010). Because comfort is a primal human need, it must be experienced in a holistic manner, and nurses who practice comfort care in their daily routine are innovative, effective, and satisfying to themselves and their patients. The contexts in which comfort need exist are physical, psycho-spiritual, socio-cultural, and environmental. Nurses are responsible for ensuring that patients are comfortable and safe because meeting the comfort needs of patients and their families leads to increased satisfaction, dedication and commitment to the organization (Kolcaba, 2003). Transcultural and Comfort theories focus on different aspec ts of patient care; however, commonalities exist between the theories. Concept Comparison In comparing and analyzing the concept definitions among the two theories it is important to note that Leininger’s goal of nursing care is to provide care consistent with the patients’ cultural values, practices, and beliefs. Nurses are often unaware of the cultural issues surrounding a patient’s health and need for care which results in a lack of sensitivity towards the patient. According to Leininger (1995), cultural proficiency begins with the examination of personal values, biases, prejudices, and beliefs of the caregiver. Leininger’s theory was created to establish cultural competence among nurses and other caregivers because it is important to have contact and communication with people of other cultures, thus creating awareness. One important factor of nursing care is the engagement with individuals of different cultures by asking questions prior to providing care. The failure to include culture into patient care increases the possibility of mistrust by patient and resentment from the health care provider. Comfort and trust strengthen when nurses ‘consider cultural preferences during patient care (Andrews & Boyle, 1999). Contrariwise, Kolcaba’s comfort theory is viewed from a holistic approach. The four areas of the human experience are addressed are the physical, which includes all physiological scopes, the psycho-spiritual, which is self-awareness, the sociocultural, which includes the family, interpersonal relationships, traditions, rituals, and religious practices and the environment( Kolcaba, 2003). Cultural sensitivities are important to patients and families, and they are allowing for significant moments to remember a nurse. Nurses also reflect on these moments which give them feelings of satisfaction. Nurses can show small, non-technical acts of comfort for example a back massage, holding a dying patients hand, washing hair, sitting with an anxious patient and holding a crying child for a parent. Each of these gestures is an example of holistic comfort measures that will have a positive impact on a patient’s total comfort (Kolcaba, 2003). Like patients, nurses have comfort need which includes a safe and clean work environment, continuity of care, flexible schedules, and resources for educational improvement. Kolcaba’s comfort model allows nurses to be a part of the decision making process and in-turn provide feedback and support for staff. These comfort measures for nurses provide a strong nursing department and which teamwork and professional goals are fostered  (Kolcaba, 2003). The core of these two theories is care, which is the unifying feature of the nursing profession. Concept Statement, Metaparadigms, Philosophies The selected theory is Leininger’s culture care theory. Leininger is one of the first transcultural, global, nursing consultant and is the founder of transcultural nursing, the transcultural nursing society, and the journal of transcultural nursing. Culture influences every aspect of human life and defines health, illness, and the search from relief from diseases (George, 2011). Culture can be applied to all aspects of health care both in inpatient and outpatient settings. Because of the culturally diverse population in the United States and other first world countries, it is of vital importance that culture care is a part of the curriculum for nursing and other health science related field. Due to health concepts related to cultural groups, people may not choose modern day medical treatment and cures; therefore it is important to educate the communities about culture care. This theory may be best applied to nursing practice by first educating nursing students to develop an understanding, appreciation, and respect for the diversity and individuality of patients’ values, beliefs, and culture regarding illness, treatment and outcome. Extensive training in hospitals and outpatient settings for all nurses, and health care providers is of vital importance. Concept Statement Culturally consistent nursing care is meaningful and appropriate to the cultural beliefs, values and traditions of patients for their health and comfort. Nurses should perform a culture care assessment on admission to determine the scope of care for the patient while in hospital (Leininger, 1995). Metaparadigms Health is a state of living to sustain and help the individual perform their daily care in a culturally beneficial way (Leininger (1995). The environment is defined as â€Å"the totality of geophysical situation† (p. 10). She describes nursing as a learned, humanistic and scientific discipline focused on human care activities. Leininger, however, does not define the concept of person; he states the person is not culturally suitable in many cultures. The  philosophy of nursing is founded on the scope of practice for the profession, and the values individuals hold as basic to their belief in nursing theory (Fitzpatrick & Whall, 2005). Leininger’s philosophy is that there are similarities and differences in culture, which should be explores in relation to ones values, beliefs, and traditions. Resources A website has been dedicated to the housing of vast amount of information on Leininger’s theory. This site contains valuable information on culture theory and transcultural nursing. Additionally, Leininger’s work, research, and publications are all featured on the website. Leininger is a member of Sigma Theta Tau International (STTI), an honor society for nursing, was founded in 1922; it is the second largest of its kind in the United States. The mission of this organization is â€Å"to support the learning, knowledge, and professional development of nurses committed to making a difference in health care worldwide†. Conclusion The conceptual and theoretical models used in nursing provide information on ways to improve practice, develop curriculum and identify goals of nursing practice. The area of nursing theory is experiencing continued growth as theorists continue to create new knowledge that is impacting, positively, the nursing profession. Nurses can no longer afford to provide care as usual but must use new knowledge, skills, and insights to provide nursing care that is culturally relevant and sensitive to the needs of patients. As the complexity and acuity of patients continue to rise, it is notable that a community of practice is established that utilizes strategies that promote the transcultural and comfort needs of both nursing staff and patients. Twenty-first century nursing practice demands that nurses identify and meet the comfort and cultural needs of all patients, family and community. Further, nurses must develop the knowledge and skills that will enable them to provide acceptable care and t o identify available resources for the patient.

The Runaway Slave

Slavery has been in existence for thousands of years, for as long as humanity’s collective history. It is common knowledge that some of our monumental works of art like the Great Pyramids of Egypt were erected by slaves. Slavery usually begins when there is a need to produce something at a larger scale. In the case of Cuba, that item was sugar. In the 18th century, as Cuba’s economy became more and more dependent on its sugarcane production, slavery became more and more necessary in order for Cuba to increase production and keep up with the demand for sugar.Miguel Barnet`s Biography of a Runaway Slave tells the story of a real-life former Cuban slave, Esteban Montejo and his own personal journey to freedom. While on the surface it may seem like a simple biography, Montejo’s life-story was presented in the larger context of Cuba’s colorful, but often misunderstood history. The former slave became a fugitive and lived in the wild for several years, subsistin g on the abundant flora and fauna of the forest. He later became a soldier for Cuba’s war of independence.Perhaps his hard life has strengthened Montejo to such a great extent that he lived much longer than most people, or it may be perhaps the need to tell his story to the world was what made him continue living as he did. Esteban Montejo was 105 years old when Bartnet interviewed him for the book, and he lived on for eight more years hence. More than a story about slavery, Biography of a Runaway Slave is a historical account of how the Caribbean’s culture fused with that of African’s through the slave trade.Esteban life straddled the 19th and 20th centuries and went through most of Cuba’s most important historical periods in history. As such, he is able to chronicle the changes that his country was going through in its bid for freedom, even as he searched for personal liberty. Through Bartnet, we are given a chance to glimpse at the life of one man and one hundred of memories of a way of living long gone by. Perhaps some of the most poignant images in the book were Esteban’s description of life in the sugarcane plantations.Esteban recounts that slaves in the plantation lived in places called barracoons and he describes these barracoons as he remembers them, The slaves disliked living under those conditions: being locked up stifled them†¦ This was laid out in rows: two rows facing each other with a door in the middle and a massive padlock to shut the slaves in at night†¦ Both types had mud floors and were dirty as hell. And there was no modern ventilation there! Just a hole in the wall or a small barred window.The result was that the place swarmed with fleas and ticks, which made the inmates ill with infections and evil spells, for those ticks were witches. The only way to get rid of them was with hot wax, and sometimes even that did not work. The masters wanted the barracoons to look clean outside, so they were wh ite washed. (Barnet 1994, 12) Clearly, as Esteban remembers, there was no dignity for African slaves in Cuba. Their work was hard and unrelenting, and they barely had anytime to rest.Their sleeping quarters as Esteban remembers were not fit, even for animals. Esteban’s hated his life, and he yearned to break from the yokes of slavery and this is revealed by his own words, â€Å"I cared for myself as if I were a pampered child. I didn’t want to be taken into slavery again. It was repugnant to me, it was shameful. † (Barnet 1994, 16) Such feelings gave him the courage to escape. He ran to the shadowy forest where he found safe haven. His loathing for slavery made him risk the dangers of living in the wild. For him, it was freedom or nothing.And he flourished in the forest, where he had everything he needed to live, except for the warmth of another person’s companionship. â€Å"The truth is I lacked for nothing in the forest. The only thing I could not mana ge was sex. † (Barnet 1994, 21) Esteban lived in the wild until the abolition of slavery. Later, Esteban’s love for freedom compelled him to join the fight for Cuban independence. By becoming a soldier, Esteban has shown his love for his country even as he despised slavery. He dreamt of a better Cuba, and he did his part, small as it may have been to help achieve that.He is a nationalist because while he could have chosen to just live the rest of his days in the forest, he decided to rejoin society and fight, this time not for personal freedom, but for the collective freedom of all Cubans. All of Estaban’s life has been defined by slavery and his struggles against all the things that keep him in chains. Reading the book I have realized that while some circumstances may vary, there is never an instance when slavery is acceptable or dignified. Its mere concept goes against the very nature of free will that mankind was born with.In Cuba, as in most places, slavery w as institutionalized for economic gains. It is ironic that the very people producing goods for material prosperity are the very people who never benefit from it. Esteban’s accounts of life in the plantation make for a very poignant illustration of the cruel ways that we can treat one another. It was in this seemingly hopeless situation that Esteban cling to hope because it was the only thing that he has. He kept alive the hope for freedom for all slaves and a better, kinder world for all of mankind. Reference Barnet, M. (1994) Biography of a Runaway Slave. Trans. W. Nick Hill. Curbstone Press.

Comprehension Activities in Early Education

Comprehension Activities in Early Education Early learning classes for small children plays a big role in a student’s future advancement in education. This is every child’s base foundation in studies, and various learning skills must be developed in order to assist the child in his or her advancing classes.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Comprehension Activities in Early Education specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In comprehension reading, the teacher should start introducing a new text by employing pre-reading activities. This involves, taking them through the text structure and identifying pictures, diagrams and other visual things that might be available in the text. Images help in predicting on the text’s content. Varying colors and different graphic designs may be used in such text. These colors or designs suggest a descriptive work. One has to identify commonly used text structures in the comprehension, this enables one to know struc tural components used like descriptive, elements of cause and may be the effects brought out as a result of comparing two subjects. The teacher has to give a hint and guidance on areas where these text structures occur. Slow reading can be initiated in areas that need a lot of emphasis. Student’s or children’s participation is essential during reading because it helps in getting their response as well as evaluating their understanding. Reading aloud sentences and words helps a child much in getting the right pronunciation. It enables the word to stick in his or her mind permanently. Illustrational pictures enable the child to easily relate the words being taught and the actions being displayed by the pictures. Much time is saved on visualization and the message is conveyed effectively (Deborah, 2007). After reading a certain text, the child must be asked some questions regarding an article or passage. This enables the teacher to evaluate a child’s level of readi ng and understanding. Children can be grouped together in discussion and be allowed to learn from each other (Boardman, Vaughn, Klingner, 2007). Children should read the comprehension several times. They should be left to identify the major characters and whatever they are doing at each stage. This helps the children in coming up with characteristics of each character or subject in a comprehension. Use of pictures, illustrations and gesture is an important element in teaching language to little children. At times, it calls for the teacher to speak in a local language that will help them in understanding the comprehension clearly. Questions about the things happening now, things that happened, and those which might happen engages the child in reading a lot in order for him to find out what will be happening in the next stage (Boardman, Vaughn, Klingner, 2007). Graphic organizers can be used to analyze text structure in a given article or text. Some concepts are easier to understand using a diagram on a piece of paper than visualizing.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A child’s success in reading can also be supported by parents at home. This is initiated by short story books that parents read to their children before they go to sleep. Children should be introduced to the national learning language at an early stage, most probably, even before they join their first class. This enables them to have easy time while learning because they already understand the language being used by the teacher and text authors (Deborah, 2007). References Boardman, A., Vaughn, S., Klingner, J. (2007). Teaching reading comprehension to students with learning difficulties. New York: The guilford Press. Deborah, T.-A. (2007). Little Red Hen-Begin. Comprehension: Learning with Literature. New York: EDCON Publishing Group.

Think You Know What to Do Youve Already Lost the Game.

Think You Know What to Do Youve Already Lost the Game. My salsa partner raises his left hand. I wonder, what does it mean? Does he want me to do a right turn? Or turn in another direction? Will he drop his hand over my head for a neck drop? Is there some other option I haven’t thought of? As soon as I start asking these questions, I’ve pretty much lost the game. The game is to feel what there is to do. As one of my teachers coached, â€Å"Where I feel, I go.† If only it were so easy. My brain thinks it knows what my partner is going to do. When I first started dancing, a raised hand always meant a right turn. But now there are more options, and my brain’s predictions get me into trouble. My job is to stop anticipating and go with what is happening in the moment. Predicting the future can get us into trouble in our careers and in business as well. Especially because we’re often wrong. Example #1: Annual Reviews (or Where Our Brains Take Us) I have a friend with a past history of getting fired from several jobs. He has now been with the same organization for six years and has gotten bonuses and raises at most of his annual reviews. Nevertheless, this year, when his annual review came up, his â€Å"stinking thinking† told him that some challenging dynamics with his new supervisor would lead to his getting fired. There really was no possibility of his losing his job. But thoughts of getting fired are his brain’s right turn. He goes to those thoughts even when he has not been led there. We all have these â€Å"go-to† thoughts, and they are probably the hardest thing to control, especially after we have trained ourselves so well to think them! But changing these thoughts is probably the most impactful move we can make on the career â€Å"dance floor.† If we can wait for real information and direction before defaulting to our patterned thinking, we can avoid a lot of internal, and external, struggle. Example #2: Client Request I had a client (I’ll call him Tom) sent to me by a larger organization. A representative of that organization (I’ll call her Liz) called to say that Tom wanted a different format and tone in his resume. This was one of our early projects for the organization, before we had hit our stride and started consistently producing the type of executive resumes their clients love. My first instinct was to train the initial writer who worked with Tom on the formats and style that the client wants. But I did not know whether Tom would be open to that. The â€Å"lead’s† hand was raised – but was this a signal to turn? I asked Liz to connect with Tom and got further information that indicated we needed to change direction. A new writer was able to deliver exactly what Tom wanted. I took Liz’s direction and created a win for everyone involved. Example #3: Automation and Innovation It used to be that when you had to fill an order, you got a human to find the item and put it in a box. It used to be that when you wanted to get a shipment delivered, you had an employee get in a truck and drive it there. These things are changing. The companies that resist the true direction that things are going are not going to survive. Just because you’ve always done something the way you knew to do it doesn’t mean it’s going to keep working, or that the market wants you to do it that way, this time. And just because there’s an option to automate something does not mean it will be the most efficient or the best way. The lead’s hand is raised†¦ but wait before you turn. What if You’re the Boss? As a supervisor or business owner, our job is to do the best we can to provide clear direction so that those who follow us don’t get the wrong idea – and so that they feel like we are partnering with them fully. It helps to remember that we are followers too – of our clients and customers. If we can all manage ourselves in our respective roles, we can truly wow people on the dance floor! How do you see these principles of â€Å"lead† and â€Å"follow† playing out in your career or business? Please share below! Save Save

Streptococcus Pneumoniae Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Streptococcus Pneumoniae - Research Paper Example The micro-organism incorporates the genetic material of another microorganism through a process of transformation. The presence of F-antigen helps in acquiring of genetic material from different sources. Therefore, it means that the organism can change from one serotype to the other. This is quite significant to the development of resistance to antibiotics in the organism. It increases the virulence of the organism. The increasing severity of micro organism is attributed to its ability to assume different shapes. When the organism acquires genetic material with genes of resistance to antibiotics, it replicates to resist the host defense mechanism. The virulence in these microorganisms is associated with the capsular material. The capsule resists the hosts’ phagocytosis mechanism thereby surviving and multiplying in the host tissues. The virulence factors of the microorganism include surface protein A. autolysin, and immunoglobulin A. Streptococci pneumoniae are found in the ho st’s upper airways, nose, or throat. They are part of normal flora in human beings. However, the organism becomes infectious depending on the immunity status of the host. In the immune comprised host, they cause some of the deadly diseases that include pneumonia, meningitis, sinusitis, acute otitis media, peritonitis, and bacteremia. These are diseases of upper and lower respiratory tract. When in the host tissues, pneumococcal undergoes genetic changes that convert the colonies from opaque to transparent ones.